Pengetahuan alamiah masyarakat adat dan ilmu kaum Ilmiah

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John NR Gobai, – Bumiofinavandu/Istimewa.

Dalam sistem kebudayaan kita mengenal sistem pengetahuan, sistem ini telah diwarisi turun temurun, baik pengetahuan obat, pengetahuan pahat,pengetahuan merajut tas (noken), membuat perahu, pengetahuan membuat kebun,pengetahuan tentang lingkungan, pengetahuan tata guna lahan, dsb

Banyak generasi sekarang didukung oleh kaum yang merasa dirinya ilmiah melihat pengetahuan alamiah atau sistem pengetahuan masyarakat adat sebagai sesuatu yang irasional.

Bacaan Lainnya

Sistem Pengetahuan

Haruslah kita sadari bahwa sejumlah pengetahuan pengetahuan alamiah telah diangkat oleh Kaum Ilmiah sebagai teori dan juga alat modern, sebagai sebuah aturan utk perlindungan.

Namun untuk menunjukan ego kadang ada oknum kaum ilmiah dan merasa diri ilmiah memandang pengetahuan alamiah dengan pandangan irasional,dll

Menurut, Prof.Dr.Kusnaka Adimihardja, dalam buku Sistem Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Lokal dalam pembangunan berkelanjutan di indonesia, Praktek sistem pengetahuan dan teknologi lokal (SPTL) sering dipahami para ahli sebagai kegiatan yang bersifat tahayul dan irasional. Oleh karena itu, SPTL yang berbasis kearifan tradisi dan berwawasan lingkungan hampir “mustahil” untuk dipertimbangkan sebagai alternatif jalan keluar dari keterpurukan di segala bidang kehidupan masyarakat.

Agaknya, sudah tertanam suatu pandangan, di kalangan intelektual domestik dimana hanya IPTEK “modern” yang diyakini mereka dapat menyelesaikan pembangunan dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat.

Hal yang lebih ironis lagi adalah terjadinya “pencucian” SPTL dari khasanah pengetahuan bangsa Indonesia, dan bersamaan dengan itu dikuasainya SPTL oleh bangsa lain yang dikemas dengan dasar ilmiah yang sangat sahih berdasarkan riset dengan dukungan dana yang sangat kuat.

Dengan demikian temuan yang dihasilkan dapat dilindungi oleh Hak Kekayaan Intelektual (HaKI). Dapat dibayangkan betapa hebat pengusahaan yang akan terjadi jika tidak ada upaya serius untuk menanganinya.

Kesimpulan

Sistem Pengetahuan alamiah adalah kebudayaan, perlindungan hukum dengan Haki haruslah dilakukan hati hati terkait sesuatu yang diangkat dari Pengetahuan alamiah karena hanya akan merugikan masyarakat yang mempunyai pengetahuan alamiah.

Jangan selalu menganggap bahwa ilmiah dapat menyelesaikan semua masalah dan juga jangan anggap pengetahuan alamiah tidak bisa menyelesaikan masalah.[*]

*)John NR Gobai, Ketua Poksus DPR Papua

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